Autoclaving liquids presents some unique challenges. Sterilization cycles for liquid loads take a longer time to complete since liquids have a high heat capacity. As opposed to solids, liquids take a lot longer to heat up and cool down, and the total cycle time is increased dramatically as a result. When autoclaving liquids, certain cycle features can be incorporated into the sterilization process to optimize its efficiency and sterilization effectiveness.

 

 

Tips to increase yields in DNA analysis & recover sample quickly

 

Introduction:

Getting DNA samples ready for analysis can be the most time consuming and critical step for DNA technicians in the Forensic lab. Often to produce reliable results, the yield of the DNA needs to be increased. If low yields are a problem, a Labconco Centrivap Micro IR concentrator (Figure 1) can very easily help you increase the yields in one easy step.

 


Figure 1: With the smallest footprint available, the new CentriVap micro IR Vacuum Concentrator fits in tight spaces and is ideal for small samples such as DNA and small throughput in molecular biology, proteomics, genomics, genetics, cell biology and drug discovery labs.

 

Many DNA extraction kits, or techniques have sample volume limitations. To get your DNA samples ready for these applications, large sample volumes can be reduced or concentrated in the micro IR effectively without the addition of excessive heat or without introducing inert gases over the samples. The CentriVap micro IR spins samples at a relatively low rpm that applies centrifugal force to contain samples in the tubes while a vacuum is being applied to the chamber increasing evaporation rates.

Ethanol precipitation is a commonly used technique for concentrating and de-salting DNA preparations in aqueous solutions. To increase yields when doing an ethanol precipitation, a final ethanol rinse is recommended followed by drying the DNA pellet in a centrifugal concentrator.

The convenient strobe light that is included with the CentriVap micro IR saves time and frustration by making it possible to view the samples and determine sample dryness while they are still spinning and under vacuum. Without the strobe light, the end user would need to check for sample dryness by stopping the concentrator, releasing the vacuum, checking the samples, and then restarting the concentrator and vacuum if the samples are not yet dry. With the strobe light, sample dryness can be determined with a quick view. Labconco’s new CentriVap micro IR is an all-in-one evaporator that includes the concentrator, pump, rotor, and strobe light.

Even though it is compact and small, it can accommodate 24 samples within the same run, to help you keep up with your lab’s backlog. The micro IR is so small that it can be stored when not in use freeing up valuable bench space, or, be carried from one location to another. 

Using a CentriVap aids in the evaporation and recovery of samples for subsequent process such as drug analysis or HPLC works. While Micro IR is ideal for small sample size, there are a wide variety of CentriVap vacuum concentrators available for larger sample size. Each system includes a concentrator, cold trap, rotor, secondary trap and all the tubing and clamps required to connect the system. The centrifugation via concentrator eliminates bumping and foaming as vacuum is applied and concentrates the sample at the bottom of the vial for efficient recovery. The cold trap collects evaporated liquid from a CentriVap Concentrator, protecting an accessory vacuum pump and the laboratory environment from the corrosive effects of vapors and fumes emitted from very low freezing point liquids (Figure 2).

 

 


Figure 2: The CentriVap Cold Trap collects evaporated liquid from a CentriVap Concentrator.

In addition to all of this, a vacuum pump is also required to lower the pressure so does the boiling point of the solvent(s) in the system. It can be challenging to choose the best system for your process. You can either select each component to customize a unit that’s exactly right for your application or choose a vacuum concentrator system based on your samples.

The system type you select will depend upon the type of sample you are trying to evaporate. Available systems include aqueous, solvent, and acid. As many as 132 samples may be processed at once. Sample sizes range from a few microliters up to 25 milliliters.

  • Aqueous– for samples that are mainly water
  • Solvent – for samples that are solvents (may also contain aqueous)
  • Acid – for acidic samples, such as HCL, TFA, Acetic Acid Formic Acid

For heat sensitive samples, a refrigerated vacuum concentrator  that reaches -4C is available. The Refrigerated CentriVap is the only vacuum concentrator that incorporates refrigeration to keep samples cold during evaporation. Samples such as RNA and protein would work with the Refrigerated CentriVap.

Finally, if bench space is limited, the mobile console is a floor model that houses the vacuum pump inside the cabinet (Figure 3).  It incorporates the concentrator, cold trap, rotor, and solvent trap and has castors for mobility. As with all vacuum concentrator systems, a vacuum pump is required for the mobile console as well.

 

 

 

Figure 3: CentriVap Mobile Systems combine the separate vacuum concentrator and cold trap components into one space-saving console and include casters for portability from laboratory to laboratory.


 

Additional Resource:

  1. https://www.labconco.com/articles/how-to-choose-the-right-centrivap-vacuum-concent
  2. https://www.labconco.com/articles/lyophilization-concentration-or-evaporation-whic
  3. https://www.labconco.com/articles/what-is-the-best-way-to-concentrate




 

 

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